Introductory description

This module is available for students on a course where it is a listed option (subject to restrictions*) and as an Unusual Option to students who have completed the prerequisite modules.

Pre-requisites

• ST401 Stochastic Methods in Finance; OR ST403 Brownian Motion; OR ST908 Probability and Stochastic Processes (non Statistics students)

Module web page

Module aims

Outline syllabus

This is an indicative module outline only to give an indication of the sort of topics that may be covered. Actual sessions held may differ.

Option Pricing and Hedging in Continuous Time

• Pricing Europeans via equivalent martingale measures, numeraire, fundamental valuation formula, arbitrage and admissible strategies
• Pricing Europeans via PDEs (brief review)
• Completeness for the Black Scholes economy
• Implied volatility, market implied distributions, Dupire
• Stochastic volatility and incomplete markets
• Pricing a vanilla swaption, Black's formula for a PVBP-digital swaption
• Multicurrency Economy
• Black-Scholes economy with dividends
• Economy with possibility of default CVA, DVA of a vanilla swap

Applications across Asset classes

Interest Rates: Term Structure Models

• Short rate models. Introduction to main examples, implementation of Hull-White
• Market Models (Brace, Gaterek and Musiela approach), specification in terminal and spot measure
• Pricing callable interest rate derivatives with market models, drift approximation and
  separability, implementation via Longstaff-Schartz
• Greeks via Monte Carlo for market models, pathwise method, likelihood ratio method.
• Markov-functional models
• Practical issues in choice of model for various exotics, Bermudan swaptions
• Calibration: global versus local
• Stochastic volatility models, SABR

Credit

• Description of main credit derivative products: CDS, First-to-default swaps, CDOs
• Extension of integration by parts, Ito's formula, Doleans exponential to cover jumps
• Martingale characterization of single jump processes, Girsanov's Theorem
• State variable, default and enlarged filtrations
• Filtration switching formula
• Intensity-correlation versus default-events correlation
• Conditional Jump Diffusion approach to modelling of default correlation

FX

• Stochastic local volatility models, calibration,
• Gyongy's Theorem
• Barrier options

Time permitting:

• Equity
• Dividends
• Volatility as an asset class, variance swaps, volatility derivatives
• Heston model

Learning outcomes

By the end of the module, students should be able to:

• Demonstrate an advanced theoretical knowledge of the main models currently used across asset classes in the market, an appreciation of calibration and implementation issues concerning these models and a sufficient grounding in the tools of stochastic calculus to be able to keep abreast of new advances.
• Appreciate the practical issues in the implementation of models in the commercial setting and sufficient familiarity with the main models to enable implementation to be carried out.
• Critically assess the suitability of a particular model for a given product.
• Research new advances in modelling which is an important skill in the fast changing market setting.
• Carry out relevant calculations using knowledge of stochastic calculus when faced with implementing an unfamiliar model.

Indicative reading list

• Bergomi L (2016) Stochastic volatility modelling, Chapman and Hall
• Buehler H (2009) Volatility Markets: Consistent Modeling, Hedging and Practical Implementation of Variance Swap Market Models VDM Verlag Dr. Muller
• Elouerkhaoui, Y (2017), Credit Correlation: Theory and Practice, Macmillan.
• Hunt PJ and Kennedy JE, (2004), Financial Derivatives in Theory and Practice, second edition, Wiley.
• Homescu, C, Local Stochastic Volatility Models: Calibration and Pricing (2014) Available at SSRN: https:fissrn.com/abstract=2448098 or htto://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2448098
• Pelsser A, (2000), Efficient Methods for Valuing Interest Rate Derivatives, Springer.
• Glasserman P, (2004), Monte Carlo Methods in Financial Engineering, Springer.
• Gatheral J, (2006) The Volatility Surface: A Practitioners Guide, Wiley

Subject specific skills

-Demonstrate an advanced theoretical knowledge of the main models currently used across asset classes in the market, an appreciation of calibration and implementation issues concerning these models and a sufficient grounding in the tools of stochastic calculus to be able to keep abreast of new advances.
-Appreciate the practical issues in the implementation of models in the commercial setting and sufficient familiarity with the main models to enable implementation to be carried out.
-Critically assess the suitability of a particular model for a given product.
Research new advances in modelling which is an important skill in the fast changing market setting.
-Carry out relevant calculations using knowledge of stochastic calculus when faced with implementing an unfamiliar model.

Transferable skills

TBC